Close Only Counts in Horseshoes, Hand Grenades, and Net Zero

(by Polly Wheeler and Jesse Remick) Two years ago, BRD implemented  a Sustainability Action Plan.  One of the goals we set for ourselves was to achieve Net Zero Energy on at least two projects by 2025.  We have reached that goal and recently presented our story of how those projects took different paths toward net zero at the 2025 Better Buildings by Design Conference. Here are a few takeaways.

Not all “net zeros” are the same.  When we say “Net Zero Energy”, we mean that over the course of a year the building produces as much energy as it consumes. However, there are several other variations to consider. Near Net Zero, Fossil Fuel Free, and Net Zero Ready are all steps in the right direction. Many projects we design have tight envelopes and efficient mechanical systems that could lead to Net Zero Energy, but the project initially lacks the budget for solar. In this case, the building could be called Net Zero Ready. If a project site has poor solar orientation or otherwise cannot accommodate enough solar panels, then the project may only be able to achieve Near Net Zero. For a project that is an emergency shelter, a fossil-fuel backup system may be unavoidable, but we can get to Net Zero Electricity or Near Net Zero. 

There are a variety of reasons to pursue net zero.  As designers, we pursue net zero for several reasons.  We are trying to save the world – climate change is our primary motivation.  We are also working to better serve our clients.  Our clients have a far greater range of reasons to pursue net zero than we do – a lot can factor into their decision, such as long-term operational costs, resilience, funding sources and incentives, resale value, occupant comfort, marketing, and more.  Understanding each client’s reasons will help define our approach.  Sometimes cost is more important than getting recognition for achieving Net Zero Energy. 

Getting there isn’t rocket science. Start with a good design team and a good, energy-code-compliant (or better) building envelope, including good air-sealing.  Design an all-electric HVAC system, such as air-to-air or air-to-water heat pumps.  Reduce energy loads by maximizing the daylighting opportunities and specify energy efficient appliances.  Make sure all ranges, water heaters, and other appliances are electric.  Energy modeling helps determine the size of the solar array needed to balance the energy use of the building, but many solar providers can estimate this with good accuracy, and additional panels can be added once actual use is determined.

Net Zero is a moving target.  The important thing for many clients is not necessarily hitting the mark of Net Zero Energy.  After all, that goal changes as the use of your building evolves – add an EV charger and you might not be Net Zero Energy anymore.  Change your ventilation rates, and your energy use changes.  Do some air-sealing work, or reduce operating hours, and energy use goes down.  Usage evolves along with climate, so net zero does too. It’s not a one-time finish line—it’s a direction.

Close does count.  Whether you are a design professional, contractor, developer, or building owner, what matters is setting a net zero goal and getting as close as possible. It reduces the draw from our planet and utility infrastructure, while hopefully increasing occupant comfort, reducing energy consumption and long-term cost.  At BRD, we are working to reach the point that being net zero, or close to it, is our normal practice and is more easily achievable and affordable for all our clients.  When it comes to hitting the Net Zero Energy mark, close really does count.